Stragegic management of human resources Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6500 words

Stragegic management of human resources - Essay Example A customised version of Integrated Management Process (IMP) used by SAB to set the ball rolling relies on the same set of principles, techniques and practices as the case study demonstrates. Evidently, performance depends not only on hard and attenuating work of the personnel, but also on such essential characteristics as competence and ability to learn and develop. Despite the visible simplicity, the problem of effective training and development of employees faced by SAB during the attempt to solidify and further reinforce their market positions was exceptionally complex. A failure to properly, effectively and continuously train and educate the human resources in the right areas of the business, at the right time and at the right cost would have inevitably result in serious inefficiencies, considerable operational difficulties and even collapse of the organisation (Buckle & Caple, 2004). In order to evaluate the programme implemented by SAB one must be aware of the basic theoretical principles an effective programme must rely upon. An effective SHRD programme should be built around three basic theoretical concepts: organizational development change; leadership development; individual, group and organizational learning (Reid, Barrington & Brown, 2004). Although IMP focuses primarily on business planning, communication and performance management processes, the key element of the company's transformation was apparently learning since new skills and attitudes were required. In the past, learning focused primarily on individuals: people worked in large bureaucracies or assembly lines and, consequently, the goal of learning under such circumstances was training of the skills required for their functioning. However, since approximately three decades ago, the focus of learning in organisations began to shift from individuals to groups, and, what was even more important, the meaning underlying the constructs 'learning', 'training' and 'development' transformed dramatically. Scholars started conceiving these constructs as continuous rather than occasional while the purpose and the process of learning were also reformulated and recognised as vital for effective organizational performance (Harrison, 2005). Such continuous perception of learning as the key element of business transformation was probably the main factor of SAB's success: heavy investments in learning and development to support change turned systematic rather than being occasional. The systematic approach toward training, learning and development of employees emphasises such crucial element of the process as continuity while the earlier perspectives often viewed the process as linear and discrete with clearly defined beginning and end (Armstrong, 1996). Systematic approach to organizational development implies clearly identification of what employees should know and how they should act to be effective at a particular job; it also ensures that employees are adequately prepared in terms of the necessary knowledge, skills, and attitudes to fulfil their responsibilities (Kenney & Reid, 1994). Such systematic strategy implemented by SAB helped managers and supervisors get

Business Context and Operations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business Context and Operations - Essay Example Convenience food business is increasingly growing as this helps the nutrition needs of busy career bodies. HCF’s supply chain has to meet the growing demands of the consuming public. Some suppliers did not meet schedules, so HCF has to apply innovations in supply chain by introducing in-house manufacturing of a special kind of sauce. This paper will talk about operations management and supply chain relations. Introduction Consumption of chilled food is increasing in many parts of the world. One of the main reasons for this is convenience; chilled foods are convenient to prepare. Hadrian’s Country Foods (HCF) started by supplying chilled foods to family and friends. HCF’s founder, Dr. Andrew Smith, saw the need for chilled foods with nutritious ingredients. As the company grew, it started to meet numerous problems and challenges in management and supply chain. HCF must introduce an effective supply chain and operational management. Products have to be consistent w ith new lifestyles and new product innovation (NPD) must meet consumer demands. HCF has to improve its operations in delivery of products and services to improve supply chain relationships. Task 1 HCF’s Operations Management Operations management is transforming inputs into outputs, or the production capability of the firm. In terms of quality, operations management focuses on internal activities of the firm, such as ‘process control, process improvement, product design improvement, and design of experiments’ (Foster et al. 2011, p. 2286). HCF receives ingredients from its suppliers, transforms the inputs into products, and makes the supply chain moving until the product reaches the retailers (the supermarkets) and end users. The company has to introduce innovations and create new menus with ingredients that boast the health of consumers and meet the delicate taste of consumers. Improvement of processing operations must consider how it can enhance operational per formance to satisfy customers. HCF has two kinds of market: B2B and B2C markets. Challenges and Opportunities Product innovation must be continuously introduced because of competition. The company has to stimulate the market with its diverse chilled foods and introduce new delicious menus to meet consumers’ demands and taste. Products have to be consistent with new lifestyles and new product development must provide customer satisfaction. HCF has to conduct regular research and development as a regular activity and a focus for R&D should be how to reduce operational costs. R&D can experiment on new health foods as competition is growing in the food industry. Innovative ways of reducing costs can be discovered. For example, packaging is significant in reducing operating costs. An example of effective packaging for food items is ‘combined transit and point-of-sale packaging’ which saves labour time through faster shelf loading and easy access to product and uses le sser resources. The total distribution cost influences the demand side as this affects price. For some fast-moving commodity like chilled foods, the cost of distribution and retail selling affect the total product cost which represents about 50 percent of the product price (Coles 2003). Reducing costs, especially in distribution, attracts retailers like supermarkets. Information technology (IT) application to shorten workload is another opportunity to improve production and distribution. IT can enhance the â€Å"

The Starbucks Entrance Into Vietnam Marketing Essay

The Starbucks Entrance Into Vietnam Marketing Essay Starbucks Coffee Company Starbucks began in 1971 as a roaster and retailer of whole bean and ground coffee, tea and spices. Back then, the company was a single store in Seattles historic Pike Place Market. From just a narrow storefront, Starbucks offered some of the worlds finest fresh-roasted whole bean coffees. (Starbucks Coffee Company) Starbucks is named after the first mate in Herman Melvilles Moby Dick. The name evoked the romance of the high seas and the seafaring tradition of the early coffee traders. The logo is also inspired by the sea, featuring a twinà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ tailed siren from Greek mythology. (Starbucks Coffee Company) In 1981, Starbucks chairman, president and chief executive officer, Howard Schultz, was drawn into Starbucks from his first cup of Sumatra, and joined Starbucks a year later. (Starbucks Coffee Company) In 1983, Howard travelled to Italy and became fascinated by Italian coffee bars and the romance of the coffee experience. He had a vision to bring the Italian coffeehouse tradition back to the United States where coffeehouse is made a place for conversation and a sense of community and to be a third place between work and home. He left Starbucks for a short while to start his own Il Giornale coffeehouses and returned in August 1987 to purchase Starbucks with the help of local investors. (Starbucks Coffee Company) Today, Starbucks connect with millions of customers every day with exceptional products and nearly 18,000 retail stores in 60 countries. (Starbucks Coffee Company) Starbucks mission is to inspire and nurture the human spirit one person, one cup and one neighborhood at a time. (Starbucks Coffee Company) Starbucks have always believed in serving the best coffee possible and it is their goal for all of their coffee to be grown under the highest standards of quality, using ethical sourcing practices. STARBUCKS Entrance into Vietnam (Starbucks opens first store in coffee-loving Vietnam) Starbucks opened its first cafe in Vietnam in Ho Chi Minh City as part of its strategy to expand across Asia, and plans to add more shops throughout the country. The grand opening of the HCM City store marked Vietnam as Starbucks 12th market in the Asia Pacific, and adding up to its chain of some 3,400 stores in the area. John Culver, president of Starbucks Coffee China and Asia Pacific, said during the ribbon cutting ceremony that Vietnam is one of the most dynamic and interesting market in Asia, and that they are proud to open a Starbucks store in the country. Coffee Concepts (Vietnam) Ltd., a Hong Kong Maxims Group subsidiary, will operate Starbucks Ho Chi Minh City store in Vietnam, and its first store will be in the citys business district. Starbucks will be seeking to compete with local rivals in a country known for its strong cafe culture. Vietnam is the worlds second-largest coffee producer and it has dozens of local chains as well as small coffee shops on nearly every street corner which present a major challenge for Starbucks to break into the crowded market. According to research, although many people queued up in southern Ho Chi Minh City for the opening, but the US giants coffee may not be to everybodys taste. Some speculated about how the Starbucks will compete with Trung Nguyen Coffee and Highlands Coffee, a homegrown brand that credits Starbucks as an inspiration. One Vietnamese, Nguyen Tien Tam, 35 had been quoted as preferring Vietnamese coffee, which is stronger than Starbucks and that as a Vietnamese, he only love local coffee. Compared with other Asian markets which Starbucks has recently entered, the Seattle-based company faces a unique scenario in Vietnam, where French-inspired coffee culture rules supreme, two homegrown chains have established presences and family-run sidewalk cafes are as many as noodle shops. In HANOI, Vietnam, Nghiem Ngoc Thuy has been providing coffees to thirsty Vietnamese for 20 years in her colonial-style villa with peeling shutters, and she and her customers arent too worried that Starbucks will alter their time-tested coffee traditions. As quoted by Thuy, her family-run cafe in Hanoi offers prices that are affordable for average Vietnamese. Thuy further added that expensive coffee is just for the children of government officials, or people who have lots of money. A regular customer, an electronics salesman Do Thanh Tung, said he is eager to see if Starbucks coffee really is different from the Vietnamese blends he has been drinking since he was 10 years old. Tung, now 30, said Vietnamese young people will welcome Starbucks, once they get used to it. But he added that he doesnt expect to become a regular Starbucks patron because he drinks five or six cups of coffee a day, thus regular visits to Starbucks would be too expensive for him. Dang Le Nguyen Vu, whose Trung Nguyen Group owns 55 cafes in Vietnam, said he welcomes Starbucks and doesnt view the American newcomer as a threat. Vu even visualized Starbucks opening up to a hundred cafes in Vietnam in the next 10 years, but it remains questionable whether people in a country with such a low GDP per capita, and a different taste in coffee, would really accept Starbucks. Unlike China, where tea is the caffeinated drink of choice, Vietnam inherited a coffee culture from French colonizers in the 19th century. Vietnam is also the worlds second-largest exporter of coffee behind Brazil. Starbucks already operates more than 3,300 stores across 11 countries in the Asia-Pacific region, and its entry into Vietnam marks the latest round in a campaign to attract Asias emerging middle classes despite a stagnating U.S. economy. Jinlong Wang, president of Starbucks Asia-Pacific, said the company plans to expand across Vietnam in a way that celebrates the countrys coffee culture and heritage. He had commented on an email to The Associated Press that Starbucks is looking forward to growing with Vietnams already vibrant coffee industry and making a positive impact in the communities where they operate. Vietnam has a population of about 90 million and three out of five Vietnamese are under the age of 35. Architect Tran Cao Tho,a 32-year-old architect and his friends sipped their coffees from low, wooden stools on the sidewalk as motorbikes whizzed by and street singers dropped in. Starbucks will seek to profit from surging consumer demand. Tho and his friends are part of the sizeable under-35 generation that Starbucks, the Seattle-based company, will seek to convince and switch from stronger and cheaper coffee at their neighborhood cafà © to Starbucks coffee. Tho whose morning routine includes a cup of drip coffee at Hanois Cafe Hanh said that he like his coffee black, dark and strong and that he would go to Starbucks once in a while for the ambience, but not for the coffee as the flavor is too light. According to Anthony Emms, managing partner at Stanton Emms Strategy Consultants in Singapore, which advises international food and beverage companies on Asian markets, he commented that Vietnams economy has slowed recently in part because of a problematic banking sector, but Starbucks upmarket brand will appeal to the growing Vietnamese middle class, and that he doesnt believe there is a massive barrier to Starbucks in Vietnam and further added that Starbucks is not really a coffee but is a food-service concept. He further added that more than 60 per cent of Vietnams population was born after the Vietnam War ended in 1975, and there is a strong demand among youth in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City for branded clothing and accessories, regardless that the labels often are fakes, and average annual income is only about $1,500. Furthermore, other international food chains have opened stores in Vietnam in recent years, including the Australian coffee chain Gloria Jeans Coffees International, the California-based Coffee Bean Tea Leaf, and the American fast-food chains KFC and Burger King. And Nestle instant coffee which is engineered to suit the Vietnamese palette is sold widely in Vietnamese supermarkets. However, Emms said that Starbucks would risk alienating some of its potential clients if it didnt include Vietnamese drip coffee on its menus here. This would be to cater to and target at not only the younger generation but also the older and senior generation. What differentiates Starbucks from other coffee chains? (Starbucks Coffee Company) Starbucks have always believed in the importance of building a great, enduring company that strikes a balance between profitability and a social conscience. Starbucks take a holistic approach to ethically sourcing the highest quality coffee. This includes responsible purchasing practices, supporting farmer loans and forest conservation programs. They believe that by buying coffee this way, it helps foster a better future for farmers and a more stable climate for the planet. It also helps create a longà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ term supply of the highà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ quality beans which they have been carefully blending, roasting and packing fresh for more than 40 years. They share their customers commitment to the environment. And they believe in the importance of caring for the planet and encouraging others to do the same. It is their goal that 100% of their cups will be reusable or recyclable by 2015. They will also work to significantly reduce their environmental footprint through energy and water conservation, recycling and green construction. They also believe in fostering thriving communities, from the neighborhoods where their stores are located to the ones where their coffee is grown. To bring people together, inspire change and make a difference in peoples lives are all part of being a good neighbor. They also hope to contribute one million volunteer hours each year to their communities by 2015. Since the beginning, Starbucks has been a different kind of company. One which not only celebrate coffee and the rich tradition, but would also bring a feeling of connection. It is one that is dedicated to inspiring and nurturing the human spirit and committed to serving the finest coffee, creating an exceptional customer experience, and being a great place to work. Starbucks is grateful to their partners (employees) for making Starbucks the company that they are. And they are honored to be acknowledged for their efforts which earned Starbucks its awards and recognition. Today, with more than 17,400 stores in 60 countries, Starbucks is the premier roaster and retailer of specialty coffee in the world. And with every cup, they strive to bring both their heritage and an exceptional experience to life. 4Ps (old) 1P (new) OF STARBUCKS MARKETING STRATEGY IN VIETNAM (Starbucks opens first store in coffee-loving Vietnam) Price Starbucks will price its products in a premium position that is competitive. According to Sara Senatore, a New York-based analyst at Sanford C. Bernstein Co, prices may still be less than the U.S. because of lower income and operating costs in Vietnam. Place Their stores are a neighborhood gathering place for meeting friends and family. Their customers enjoy quality service, an inviting atmosphere and an exceptional cup of coffee. Starbucks is also monitoring Vietnams rising coffee demand. Its first store in the country is located in one of Ho Chi Minh Citys busiest roundabouts and is near to a new Burger King restaurant and Ben Thanh Market which is the center of the citys tourist trade. People (one of the new 4Ps) Their coffee buyers travel personally to coffee farms in Latin America, Africa and Asia to select the highest quality beans. And their master roasters bring out the balance and rich flavor of the beans through the signature Starbucks Roast. Starbucks offers the finest coffees in the world, grown, prepared and served by the finest people. Their employees, whom they call partners, are at the heart of the Starbucks Experience. They believe in treating their partners with respect and dignity. They are proud to offer two landmark programs for their partners: comprehensive health coverage for eligible fullà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  and partà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ time partners and equity in the company through Bean Stock. Product Starbucks offers an extensive wide range of exceptional products that customers enjoy in their stores, at home, and on the go. There are more than 30 blends and singleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ origin premium coffees and Handcrafted Beverages which include freshà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ brewed coffee, hot and iced espresso beverages, Frappuccino ® coffee and nonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ coffee blended beverages, smoothies and Tazo ® teas. Their merchandises include coffee and teaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ brewing equipment, mugs and accessories, packaged goods, music, books and gifts. They also offer fresh food like baked pastries, sandwiches, salads, oatmeal, yogurt parfaits and fruit cups. Other Consumer Products Coffee and Tea include Whole bean and ground coffee (Starbucks and Seattles Best Coffee brands), Starbucks VIA ® Ready Brew, Starbucks ® Kà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Cup ® portion packs, Tazo ® tea filterbags and tea latte concentrates. Starbucks also offers Readyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ toà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Drink (RTD) beverages wh ich include Starbucks ® bottled Frappuccino ® coffee drinks, Starbucks Discoveries ® chilled cup coffees, Starbucks Doubleshot ® espresso drinks, Starbucks Doubleshot ® Energy+Coffee drinks;Seattles Best Coffee ® Iced Lattes, Starbucks Refreshersà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ beverages, Tazo ® bottled iced and juiced teas. Starbucks ® Ice Cream is also available in Superà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ premium coffee and coffeeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ free flavors. Brand Portfolio Starbucks Coffee, Seattles Best Coffee, Tazo Tea, Evolution Fresh, La Boulange and Torrefazione Italia Coffee. Promotion Starbucks card members enjoy Starbucks Rewards which include complimentary handcrafted beverage of customers choice, brewed coffee and/or whole bean coffee. Members also enjoy complimentary slice of cake on birthday month. There is also a wide range of merchandize and product that is available which include bags, cups and mugs. swot Analysis on starbucks entrance into vietnam Strengths (Starbucks Coffee Company) Starbucks purchases and roasts high-quality whole bean coffees. Their coffeehouses have become a inspiration for coffee lovers everywhere. They insist on Starbucks because they know they can count on its genuine service, an inviting atmosphere and a superb cup of expertly roasted and richly brewed coffee every time. Starbucks is more than Coffee, they are passionate sources of coffee and everything else that goes with a rewarding coffeehouse experience. They also offer a selection of premium Tazo ® teas, fine pastries and other palatable treats to please the taste buds. And the music you hear in store is chosen for its artistry and appeal. People come to Starbucks to work, chat or meet up. Theyre a neighborhood gathering place which has become a part of their daily routine. It has a global recognition and good reputation for fine products and services. Starbucks has nearly 18,000 retail stores in 60 countries. The company values its workforce and treats its employers as partners. The company has strong ethical values and ethical mission statement. Starbucks has some equally impressive statistics with 41 years of experience and 3,300 stores in 12 countries in the China and Asia-Pacific region. They also have an ongoing relationship with Vietnamese coffee growers. According to the company, Starbucks already purchases a notable amount of high-quality arabica coffee from Vietnam and are working to buy more. Weakness (Starbucks enters entrenched Vietnam coffee market | SeacoastOnline.com) Starbucks will have to battle entrenched tastes, local brands, international rivals and the thousands of neighborhood coffee shops that dot Vietnams streets. Local chains such as Trung Nguyen Coffee and Highlands Coffee have more experience catering to the Vietnamese love of strong coffee. Starbucks coffee flavor is too light. Starbucks coffee may be too expensive for local consumers who need their coffees regularly each day. Opportunities (Starbucks enters entrenched Vietnam coffee market | SeacoastOnline.com) There is a strong demand among youth in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City for branded goods and services. Starbucks looks forward at growing with Vietnams already vibrant coffee industry and making a positive impact in the communities where they operate. Has potential to consider co-branding with other food and drink manufacturers and also brand franchising to manufacturers of other goods and services. (Starbucks opens chain of raw vegan juice bars) (Starbucks opens new blend of juice bars) (Starbucks to open first Evolution Fresh juice store USATODAY.com) New markets for coffee and healthy beverages are beginning to emerge and that can be retailed in their cafes. (NaturalNews) Starbucks, the coffee shop that is renowned for its seemingly limitless coffee varieties, is opening a new chain of juice bars in response to the growing health trend towards unprocessed and whole foods. In late 2011, the coffee giant also brought out Evolution Fresh, a juice company. Health foods now represent a $50 billion industry, and Starbucks has been very open about their intention to expand into the market and establish themselves as a major player. The juice bars will offer fruit and vegetable options which can be blended according to customer preference, or in sampled and true menu options to produce natural fruit juices that are high in dietary fiber, vitamins A, C, and E, and antioxidants. Thicker smoothies can be supplemented with protein ingredients such as juiced wheat grass and nut butter, to help provide customers with a more nutritionally balanced meal. Their healthy foods and snack options which include a wide menu to support vegetarian and vegan lifestyles will also be available. Starbucks think the market demand is high enough to justify its own set of chains, not just an extra few fruit options on the menu at their coffee shops. While the market is smaller than that for coffee, Starbucks research on consumer spending trends show the increasing concern with health. Despite this being a more risky investment than those to which Starbucks shareholders are familiar with, the dollar market shares of the company are steadily rising, showing wide support for this move. Over the past few years, the fresh fruit smoothie industry has bloomed into a billion dollar industry. Customer demand can be seen in the number of people purchasing bottled mixed vegetable and fruit drinks, seeking dietary reparation or preventative health measures against a wide array of illnesses. Growing numbers of people are turning to juicing for detox solutions. According to research, there is certainly more than enough demand to support this major industry. One of the customers, Angelica R. from Salt Lake City said she cant wait till Evolution is worldwide so she could go back again. Starbucks purchase of Evolution Fresh for US$30 million last year was in line with its strategy to sell a broader range of products through its own cafes, grocery stores and other retail outlets. Threats (Starbucks enters entrenched Vietnam coffee market | SeacoastOnline.com) Vietnam is the worlds second-largest coffee producer and it has dozens of local chains as well as small coffee shops on nearly every street corner which present a major challenge for Starbucks. Starbucks will have to compete with Trung Nguyen Coffee and Highlands Coffee, a homegrown brand as well as other coffee chains that have opened stores in Vietnam in recent years and who have more experience catering to the Vietnamese love of strong coffee, including the Australian coffee chain Gloria Jeans Coffees International, the California-based Coffee Bean Tea Leaf, and Nestle instant coffee which is engineered to suit the Vietnamese palette is sold widely in Vietnamese supermarkets. Another threat is Trung Nguyens plan to enter the U.S. market which follows the companys rise to become the biggest roaster and packaged-coffee retailer in a country with a brewing tradition dating from 19th century plantations by French colonists. The chains 60 shops across the country serve Vietnamese-style individually brewed cups, along with varieties including Italian espresso and Turkish-style coffees, a mix which Vu expects to sell well in the United States as well. Vus focus on specialty beans and roasting includes a variety called Legendee created to mimic the flavor of coffee brewed from beans that are recovered from the feces of civets, a weasel-like rodent. The civet coffee is considered a delicacy. According to the companys website, the coffee roaster discovered enzymes that mimic civet digestion and developed a process to give the coffee the same magical flavor. Vu said he intends to build a coffee empire and a global brand within the next 10 years, rivaling Starbucks. He said that the company is also considering an initial public offering and the timing has yet to be decided. Vu won a medical degree before starting his roasting business. He developed Trung Nguyen from a shop he founded as a student into a coffee retailer with more than 3,000 employees. He plans to increase the number of cafes in Vietnam to 200 in the next two years. Porters 5 forces in reaction to the SWOT analysis Starbucks stability and expansion in Vietnam will be determined by external sources which include potential entrants which may also want to venture into the Vietnamese market, also by internal and external threats which include pre-existing local brands and industrial rivalries and by threats of substitutes whereby another type of beverage or service may replace Starbucks coffee and beverages. Other internal threats would include the effect of suppliers power and the buying power of the customer. (porters 5 forces Google Search) Sustainable Competitive Advantage Analysis (sustainable competitive advantage analysis | blekko) Competitive advantage is defined as the strategic advantage one business entity has over its rival entities within its competitive industry. Achieving competitive advantage strengthens and positions a business better within the business environment. In order to uphold a sustainable competitive advantage, Starbucks must achieve its value activities in a way difficult for competitors to replicate or imitate. A competitive advantage is maintained if the cumulative cost of performing the value activities is lower than competitors. A level of value must support the competitive advantage to the customer that is at least compatible to the competitors. Otherwise, a lower price will have to be charged and the net effect will be zero. A companys relative competitive advantage will depend on the type of structure the value chain of the company has versus the competitors and also the position of the cost drivers in each activity. OUTLOOK (Starbucks opens first store in coffee-loving Vietnam) (Starbucks has seen mixed reactions in AsiaLIFE HCMC) John Culver, president for China and Asia Pacific said that Starbucks plans on showing up in a way that doesnt currently exist in the market in terms of the premium products and the experience they offer. The chain will offer flavors that will be tailor-made to Vietnamese tastes along with its trademark drinks, while expanding aggressively into Hanoi and other cities. Starbucks however declined to elaborate on the number of outlets it plans to open in Vietnam. Ralf Matthaes, a regional managing director at market research and consultancy firm TNS said that Local consumers will be drawn by the Starbucks name and young people desire that modern, hip culture. He further added that Starbucks is famous and Vietnamese people want to be seen at popular places, which is very typical for Vietnamese. Vietnams coffee culture stretches back to the late-19th century after France colonized the country. According to the General Statistics Office, it exported 1.73 million metric tons of coffee in 2012, and is the worlds biggest exporter of bitter- tasting robusta. According to the International Coffee Organization, consumption of the drink in Vietnam jumped 65 percent between 2008 and 2011. Tran Doan Kim, a business management professor at National University said the coffee chain will attract young Vietnamese who like to be fashionable, live a Western lifestyle and enjoy brand names. According to the World Bank website, Vietnam had reached what the World Bank calls lower middle-income status in 2009, with per-capita income having increased more than 10-fold since the ruling Communist Party started market-oriented reforms in 1986. Gross national income per capita was $1,270 in 2011. Dang Le Nguyen Vu, founder and owner of Trung Nguyen, which operates about 60 cafes in the country, isnt threatened by his newest competitor. He said Starbucks is not worth worrying about as it doesnt sell coffee. The people who go into a Starbucks may want to show that they are modern and stylish and a coffee lover will go to them instead. Vu said Trung Nguyen, which exports coffee to about 60 countries, will expand to at least 200 retail outlets in two years. Highlands Coffee stores, with overhead music and Wi-Fi Internet, are located in prime retail and landmark locations in Vietnams largest cities. Culver said Starbucks will price its products in a premium position that is competitive. According to Sara Senatore, a New York-based analyst at Sanford C. Bernstein Co, prices may still be less than the U.S. because of lower income and operating costs. Senatore further added that Starbucks doesnt compete directly with the local coffee shops, just the same way that McDonalds or KFC doesnt compete directly with the local fast-food vendors. And there is a premium that people are willing to pay for a clean environment, for consistent products and good service. Thuan Pham, a commercial airline pilot and a Vietnamese-American who now lives in Ho Chi Minh City who goes patronizes Coffee Bean Tea Leaf in Hanoi expects to be a frequent Starbucks visitor and said he will be surprised if Starbucks doesnt succeed in Vietnam. Pham added that the cool factor is crucial and its important for young people to be seen at these places and is not about the coffee. A first time customer, Nguyen Ngoc Tram, 17 explained to Tuoitrenews that as this is the first time she tasted a US coffee brand name, she was very eager to buy her first Starbucks cup and was willing to queue for more than 30 minutes to be able to sip her Vietnamese Starbucks coffee. An hour after the official opening hour, the long line in front of the store still remained, as there were more people like Tram coming to become one of the first to taste Starbucks in Vietnam. Most of other customers are young, and those who have already experienced Starbucks in the US and other Asian countries. They said they came to see if there is any difference between Starbucks Vietnam and in other nations. One local coffee store owner, Nguyen Phi whose shop is located in the chaotic traffic in the roundabout just west of the New World Hotel and of Phis newest neighbour and competitor, Starbucks commented that they dont operate on the same battlefield and belong to two different businesses. Le Suan, one of Phis customers, agrees that while he now lives in the United States, he grew up in Vietnam and defaults to local coffee joints when he returns to his home country for a visit. He further explained that people in Vietnam drink their coffee very strong and Starbucks coffee is very light. Coffee is not just coffee but more a way of life in Vietnam. While its consumed as a morning pick-me-up in parts of the western world, its a social activity that takes place throughout the day here. Venue options, which range from mobile coffee carts to locally-owned cafes to big-but-still-local names like Trung Nguyen, are pretty much unlimited. The rest of the world has also caught on to the great flavour of the Vietnamese coffee bean and the country is now one of the top coffee exporters in the world. John Culver, president of Starbucks China and Asia Pacific, tells AsiaLIFE that Starbucks is deeply respectful of Vietnams long and distinctive local coffee culture and they know coffee is a national pride for many Vietnamese and as such, Starbucks look forward to contributing and growing Vietnams already vibrant coffee industry. The company also pledges to promote responsible business practices and production standards with coffee farming communities. While this is reassuring to some, others remain concerned, especially those whove come from areas where large coffee chains have pushed smaller operations out of business. One commenter even quipped that Starbucks is the new war face of America. So who is Starbucks targeted customer in Vietnam? Who are the patrons who would be willing to wait in long lines for that tall, grande or venti cup at a price substantially more than what they can get on the street? It would be tourists and guests of the New World Hotel and young Vietnamese, who are seeking to try this internationally-known brand and perhaps to impress others with it, who would also likely to be there as well. A customer, Nguyen Phuong said many in Vietnam know of Starbucks and want to be fashionable. She and her friend Nguyen Nga are already part of the Starbucks in-crowd thanks to jobs that often take them outside the country. On those trips, they are regular Starbucks customers who go not for a standard cup of coffee but for the specialty drinks. Phuong added that Starbucks has so many things like Cappuccino that other local coffee stores dont have. And both Phuong and Nga love the taste of Starbucks and accept the price. The key to all coffee vendors surviving in Ho Chi Minh City may come down to menu offerings. Joints like Starbucks and Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf succeed at higher-priced specialty drinks, while coffee carts focus on their classic offerings at extremely low prices. The face of the countrys coffee culture is changing but back at the busy roundabout, where Cach Mang Thang Tam, Nguyen Trai, and Ly Tu Trong streets meet, one of the local coffee store, Nguyen Phi has no intention of changing his business plan. Hell keep doing what he does best and his customers will keep coming as well. John Culver, president of the companys China and Asia Pacific region, said in a telephone interview that Starbucks will grow aggressively in Vietnam and there will be hundreds of stores for Starbucks though he didnt give a time frame for the expansion. Dang Le Nguyen Vu, founder and owner of Trung Nguyen said hes ready to compete against Starbucks with a plan hes developed over the past three years. His newest cafes in Vietnam are in fact reminiscent of Starbucks, with oversized armchairs, contemporary music and a menu offering coffee drinks, smoothies and snacks. Some stores even feature shelves lined with books that customers are encouraged to browse including books that inspire and encourage young Vietnamese patrons. Vu further added that Starbucks no longer has the personality it had when it first started and that its regime will soon end and will soon be replaced. Well, it has happened Starbucks has finally

Herman Melville :: essays research papers

Herman Melville In 1850 while writing The House of the Seven Gables, Hawthorne's publisher introduced him to another writer who was in the midst of a novel. This was Herman Melville, the book Moby Dick. Hawthorne and Melville became good friends at once, for despite their dissimilar backgrounds, they had a great deal in common. Melville was a New Yorker, born in 1819, one of eight children of a merchant of distinguished lineage. His father, however, lost all his money and died when the boy was 12. Herman left school at 15, worked briefly as a bank clerk, and in 1837 went to sea. For 18 months, in 1841 and 1842, he was crewman on the whaler Acushnet. Then he jumped ship in the South Seas. For a time he lived among a tribe of cannibals in the Marquesas. Later he made his way to Tahiti where he idled away nearly a year. After another year at sea he returned to America in the fall of 1844. Although he had never before attempted serious writing, in 1846 he published Typee an account of his life in the Marquesas. The book was a great success, for Melville had visited a part of the world almost unknown to Americans, and his descriptions of his bizarre experiences suited the taste of a romantic age. As he wrote Melville became conscious of deeper powers. In 1849 he began a systematic study of Shakespeare, pondering the bard's intuitive grasp of human nature. Like Hawthorne, Melville could not accept the prevailing optimism of his generation. Unlike his friend, he admired Emerson, seconding the Emersonian demand that Americans reject European ties and develop their own literature. "Believe me," he wrote, "men not very much inferior to Shakespeare are this day being born on the banks of the Ohio." Yet he considered Emerson's vague talk about striving and the inherent goodness of mankind complacent nonsense. Experience made Melville too aware of the evil in the world to be a transcendentalist. His novel Redburn based on his adventures on a Liverpool packet, was, as the critic F. O. Matthiessen put it, "a study in disillusion, of innocence confronted with the world, of ideals shattered by facts." Yet Melville was no cynic; he expressed deep sympathy for the Indians and for immigrants, crowded like animals into the holds of transatlantic vessels. He denounced the brutality of discipline in the United States Navy in White-Jacket. His essay The Tartarus of Maids, a moving if somewhat overdrawn description of young women working in a paper factory, protested the subordination of human beings to machines.

Importance of Recycling and Waste Into Use in Architecture

Importance of recycling and waste into usage in architecture Abstraction In the present twenty-four hours the most urgent environmental job is planetary heating and clime alteration. This job of planetary heating and clime alteration are majorly caused due to the carbon dioxide emanations, caused by the combustion of fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas. But it besides comes from deforestation. Today tonss of co2 emanations are taking topographic point due to the activities of adult male. One of them is the production of different stuffs and merchandises. These merchandises are made for specific intents, which satisfies the human demand. Once the merchandise is non purposeful any longer, they are considered as waste. Today these wastes have become a serious job. This paper describes how these merchandises have contributed to planetary heating throughout its life rhythm and eventually ends up as a waste. And how an designers can recycle those waste merchandises for design and building intents. As a secondary instance study the plants of designer Michael Rey nolds and Shigeru Ban has been analysed and discussed. The thought is to provide to the present twenty-four hours dining demand of believing cleverly for the jobs of environment as a whole. The paper concludes with an effort to follow the discussed technique into simple twenty-four hours today tool of little furniture. This experiment is an illustration of how easy can ne follow this construct into any graduated table of design and contribute towards nature. Keywords:Embodied energy, Global heating, Life rhythm of merchandises, Recycling, Sustainability. Introduction At present, the lifting demand of what we province as ‘resource’ has led us to believe about, are things around us simply a resource? The beautiful nature, is it merely for us to devour? Aren’t we every bit responsible to take attention of the same? We have now taken in our custodies the creative activity and devastation of anything and everything as per our demand and comfort. We create merchandises for our usage and so it’s the same ‘us’ who regard it a waste. It’s finally us, who are the Godheads of both the merchandise and the waste. Today, there are limitless semisynthetic byproducts, example-tires, bottles etc. which can be used as building stuffs. As a affair of fact all these merchandises are free of cost. These byproducts are considered as waste ( a state of affairs in which something valuable is non being used ) in common. Now it is clip to entree all the stuffs and give a proper topographic point possible in the edifice as an designer. The thought of the survey is to analyze what can be done to devour less energy. As energy is non something which is traveling to last forever, it’s our duty to believe about it before it becomes excessively late. And ingestion of excessively much of energy and resources are responsible for other jobs like pollution and eventually planetary heating. With the promotion of engineering, industries today are bring forthing merchandises and stuffs in copiousness, least bothered about environmental effects. The aim of the paper is to happen out an alternate method for the present life rhythm of stuff so that, we as an designer can hold our part towards the whole job that the universe is meeting today. The whole procedure should besides lend to the profession of an designer in order to make something more originative and sustainable together. The life rhythm of the stuffs In order to cognize the importance of recycling any produc and to measure the method of recycling, it is of import to cognize its life rhythm. Every merchandises has similar life rhythm, and throughout its full rhythm of life clip, the stuff consumes energy in different signifiers, from the initial phase of fabrication boulder clay the terminal of its usage. Which is shown in the figure 1.1. This amount of energy inputs to do a merchandise is itsembodied energy. Fig. 1.1. Energy ingestions and co2 emanations in different phases of production. Beginning: www.lifecycleinitiative.org To bring forth all these points or stuffs, it needs to utilize the resources of our planet. First, the extraction of natural resources itself consumes big sum of energy and it besides causes environmental debasement and contributes to planetary heating. These natural resources are pure in signifier, which are so processed to do the stuffs. In this procedure of production the resources has to be converted to get the particular point which involves great trade of energy ingestion to change over those stuffs. After it is manufactured it goes for bringing, which requires transit seashore and energy. ( Curran, 2006 ) Smart and effectual methods of recycling Recycling can happen in several ways. A merchandise might be reused, which is what happens when a fictile cup is washed and reused alternatively of being thrown off. It could be sent to merchandise remanufacture, where the stuffs it contains are used to do another merchandise. Hence these two types of recycling eliminates all the other production phases. Therefore assisting in cut downing the negative impacts of resource depletion and carbon dioxide emanations. Which is shown in the figure 1.2 and figure 1.3. Fig. 1.2. Showing how material re-using of merchandise can salvage energy and waste by extinguishing material production and fabrication and bringing phase. Beginning: green-manufacturing.blogspot.in Fig. 1.3. Showing how material re-used to fabricate new merchandises save energy and waste by extinguishing material production phase. Beginning: green-manufacturing.blogspot.in Case surveies Two instance surveies are selected to put an illustration for both the above mentioned methods of recycling severally. Case I: Earthship 1.1Introduction: Earthship is an environmental friendly house made from recycled stuffs. By and large made of earth-filled tyres, glass bottle and aluminum sodium carbonate tins. The primary stuff utilized as a structural constituent of earthship is the car tyre which is filled with compacted Earth to organize a modular, thermic mass brick. The other common reclaimable points like glass bottles and aluminum tins are used as cosmetic wall constituents that creates an challenging artistic design statement. ( HODGE, 2007 ) 1.2 History: The construct of earthship was originated by Michael Reynolds a southern US designer, with the airy purpose for these places to be independent and everlasting while characteristically alining with the environment instead than deteriorating it. Reynolds had been experimenting on this edifice of all time since he graduated from architecture school in 1968. ( HODGE, 2007 ) Tsunami in the twelvemonth 2004. Microphone and his crew shows the subsisters how to utilize Surs, plastic bottles and bamboo to construct house. The undertaking succeeded and was granted immediate blessing by the Indian governments. ( HODGE, 2007 ) It was a great encouragement for Reynolds. Then he continues his following work at New Orleans which was attacked by hurricane Katrina on August 29, 2005. Followed by another hurricane pommeling northern Mexico and Texas. ( HODGE, 2007 ) 1.3 AimsTo cut down the overall negative effects that conventional lodging has on the planet. As it relates to the Earth ‘s ability to go on to back up life.To construct a self-sustainable house which will alter the life style of the people for dependence on dwindling supplies of H2O, gas and oil.1.4 Advantages Energy efficiency– the Earth packed tyre wall provide a big sum of thermic mass, which keeps the house cool in the summer and warm in the winter. Self-sustainability– the earthship is designed to take advantage of natural resources. It uses recycle stuffs, inactive solar energy, incorporate H2O reaping system and renewable solar and air current power. Build ability– it can be built without holding any specialised building accomplishments. Basic woodworking, plumbing and electric accomplishments are required. Easy handiness– since it uses recycled stuffs, like Surs, bottles etc. it’s easy to acquire those points. ( Michael Reynolds, 2014 ) 1.5 Nature of the stuffs To fulfill the design end and public presentation demands of an earthship biotecture, the nature of the stuff for an earthship must hold certain features established. Which should aline with the environment of the planet, instead than deteriorating it. Autochthonal– the stuff should be easy found all over the planet. So that it is easy accessible to the common people. Else transporting stuffs from long distance is non sustainable which uses inordinate sum of energy. But in malice of being autochthonal, if the stuff requires monolithic sum of energy to manner into a useable signifier, so it would non be sustainable. Therefore we must research stuffs and methods which are non dependent on manufactured energy so that it can lend to the wellbeing of the planet instead than work it. Thermal mass– the stuff which envelope the earthship should be heavy and monolithic in order to hive away the temperature required to supply a habitable environment. Lastingness– we should seek for the stuff that is lasting as an built-in quality instead than seeking to paint for lastingness. Resilient– temblor is an issue that has to be taken into consideration, which release horizontal motion or agitating to the construction, so we should take such stuff with resiliency. Brittle stuffs like concrete interruptions and cleft. So should prefer a structural stuff that is rubbery or resilient. Which would let flexibleness without failure. ( Michael Reynolds, 2014 ) Case II: Shigeru ban’s reclaimable paper composition board tubings Nipponese designer Shigeru Ban designs impermanent lodging made of paper tubings in catastrophes countries. In impermanent lodging, edifices are demolished in a twelvemonth or half, as a consequence tonss of industrial wastes are being produced. ( Ban, 2013 ) To do pre-construction of impermanent lodging better, Ban constructs his catastrophe alleviation shelters by using reclaimable unlifelike paper tubings for columns, walls and beams. Better in the sense that this reclaimable paper tubings are locally available, cheap, easy to transport, saddle horse and dismantle and most significantly they are reclaimable. Prohibitions human-centered work began with the response to the 1994 struggle in Rwanda, which threw tonss of people into tragic life conditions. Before his work, the refugees were provided shelter by building houses of aluminum poles and fictile sheets, which was non economical for this type of building. Ban proposed his thought of paper tubing shelters to the United Nations High Commission for refugees. And during 1995, earth temblor in Kobe, Japan, Ban developed the â€Å"paper log house† . For foundation beer crates filled with sand bags are used, while paper tubings are lined up vertically for walls and the roofs are covered with fictile sheets. ( AD Editorial Team, 2014 ) The units are easy to level and the stuffs are appropriate for recycling. ( Preston & A ; Bank, 2012 ) Discussion and suggestion Both the instance surveies can be taken as standard illustrations of how the thought of utilizing waste into architectural vocabulary can be carried out. These two instance surveies province method of reusing of a waste in an effectual manner which is much more advanced and effectual than the conventional method of recycling. The thought is to understand the overall procedure of planing with the aid of such stuffs and techniques. Michael Reynolds’ procedure of recycling and recycling the waste merchandises to utilize it as an alternate edifice stuff is cutting short the whole procedure of bring forthing building stuff and besides farther processing of the same. Similarly, on the other manus Shigeru Bans’ smart choice of reclaimable paper tubes prevents the girl usage of other possible and expensive building stuffs. Therefore the best option for cutting down the negative effects of the production of different stuffs and merchandises is ; 1. Use of recycling stuffs every bit much as possible ; 2. Use of locally available stuffs to cut down the usage of fuel and to forestall carbon dioxide gas emanation while transit of stuffs ; 3. Use common architecture. An effort: Furniture with paper composition board. Paper composition board is fundamentally made for packaging intents merely. Then they are being thrown off, as a consequence it ends up being waste and they hence organize a really big part of the domestic every bit good as commercial waste. Taking farther the construct discussed in the paper boulder clay now, we can do usage of this stuff in several ways. One of which can be to use them for doing furniture. Furniture are largely made from forests and metals. Making furniture ‘s out of paper composition board can be economical and environmental friendly. Furniture ‘s life rhythm are most likely to be maximal 5 to 7 old ages. The ground has assorted facets sing from strength, aesthetics, and human physiology. Therefore why non utilize paper composition boards to do furniture ‘s, which will function the exact intent. Most common furniture ‘s are table, chair and bed. Taking chair into consideration, the map of the chair is to back up the whole weight of a individual, which cardboard can non make entirely. Hence there is a demand for this basic stuff to be improvised before direct usage. Paper board has certain features belongingss which are derived surely from the manner it is manufactured. The basic fundamental law of paper composition board is outlined by three beds in which the top and bottom bed service as the base and the in-between bed is arranged in serpentine mode, sandwiches with two beds of paper board. In our instance the in-between bed is the cardinal factor in obtaining the board’s maximal strength, it is done in a mode that the in-between bed has to run along perpendicular to coerce applied. The strength can besides be obtained with different forms and articulations. In instance of form, cylindrical form provides maximal strength. But the cardinal factor mentioned above , that is the alliance of paper is compulsory. The advantage of doing furniture out of paper composition board is that the chair or designed furniture will be light weight, easy to manage, easy movable and of class environment friendly. It’s easy to do because it does n't necessitate profession specialization, usage of really basic tools and small difficult work will be more than plenty. Decision The gait of blind development and industrialization has today lead us to a point from where we can see the hereafter of our coming coevals drowned within the fume of the Satan industries, mines, refineries and many more. A universe which will be wholly isolated from what we know as our female parent nature as we won’t be left with any of it. This ne'er stoping greed of worlds is non taking the right manner. There is a demand to wake up and understand the roots of the job to do it halt or decelerate down. This paper talks about one some really little but basic job and some efforts which can assist us acquiring closer in obtaining a better universe. It touches upon the procedure of fabrication of any merchandise and the byproducts of the same. The paper negotiations about the assorted jobs caused because of the wastage of used merchandises. It highlights upon the alternate lifecycle of a merchandise which can assist in non merely conserving energy but besides in forestalling a batch of environmental impact. Bing an designer what function can be played in the whole procedure and how can we lend towards the same by following these used stuffs into our built signifiers without giving to any other facet of the edifice. The two discussed instances help us to acquire an overall position of the whole effort and how can such a methodological analysis be best adapted maintaining in head the aesthetic of the edifice integral. The stuffs used in both the instances are basic stuffs of waste which we all are familiar with. The first instance Michael Reynolds is a radical construct which has inspired a batch of designer all over the universe. The efficiency of the designer in accomplishing the desired is model. The doctrine of cutting short the procedure of recycle of stuff has been good achieved. The 2nd instance of Shigeru Bans is besides reflecting upon the creativeness and consciousness of the designer in accomplishing simple but alone design with the aid of basic stuffs which were considered waste for building. Towards the terminal the paper leads to an effort of planing a merchandise of architectural usage with the aid of similar â€Å"waste considered† stuffs. The design of the furniture is an illustration carried out to understand how the spectrum of this construct can change from large architectural elements to a little architectural constituent as furniture. The really basic design of a simple chair can be taken as theoretical account to believe about this whole thought in all graduated tables and besides different stuffs. The paper ends with a little note of suggestion about what are the assorted things that can be kept in head while choosing a stuff and how efficient can be the whole procedure economically excessively.MentionsAD Editorial Team. ( 2014, march 24 ) .The Human-centered Works of Shigeru Ban. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.archdaily.com: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.archdaily.com/489255/the-humanitarian-works-of-shigeru-ban/Ban, S. ( 2013, may ) .Ted. Retrieved from www.ted.com: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ted.com/talks/shigeru_ban_emergency_shelters_made_from_paper? language=enCurran, M. A. ( 2006 ) . LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT: Principle AND PRACTICE.Scientific Applications International Corporation.HODGE, O. ( Director ) . ( 2007 ) .GARBAGE WARRIOR[ Motion Picture ] .Michael Reynolds, K. J. ( 2014, october 4 ) . hypertext transfer protocol: //earthship.com/construction-materials. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //earthship.com/ .Preston, S. J. , & A ; Bank, L. C. ( 2012 ) . Portals to an Architecture: Design of a impermanent construction with paper tubing arches.Construction and Building Materials.

Emergence of Romanticism

The Industrial Revolution and the Emergence of Romanticism The Industrial Revolution was a period of time during the 18th century originating in Europe that resulted in major socio-economic and cultural changes around the world. These changes in part gave rise to the English Romantic spirit, especially in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom's economic system of manual labor shifted toward a system of machine manufacturing, resulting in the formation of factories and, therefore, modern cities.It also gave rise to the middle and working classes, aerating more employment opportunities but severely reducing the quality of living for those working, especially those in factories. This wrongful oppression brought on by the manipulation of the impoverished resulted in an intellectual and somewhat political movement known as Romanticism. Romantic artists and authors used their work to communicate the suffering of the people living in the newly industrialized world, and described imagined w orlds of beauty and perfection as a form of escape from the harshness that surrounded them.One such artist was William Wordsmith. In his poem â€Å"l Wandered Lonely as a Cloud† Wordsmith uses nature as a form of escapism from the Industrial Revolution. He describes the beauty of a multitude of daffodils and the happiness it brought him. â€Å"And then my heart with pleasure fills, And dances with the daffodils. † The mere thought of the perfect and serene environment continues to make him happy and makes him forget of the horrible surroundings he lives in.This type of escapism was well-received, allowing a similar feeling to emanate in others who suffered the worst of the Industrial Revolution. The Chimney Sweeper† by William Blake is a two part poem that analyzes the innocence of child laborers during the Industrial Revolution and exposes the manipulation of authoritarian powers. Blake also used escapism to contrast the bleak reality of industrialized Europe to the beautiful world that was promised to those who put up with working in fatal conditions. And the Angel told Tom, if he'd be a good boy, He'd have God for his father & never want Joy. † This excerpt from â€Å"Songs of Innocence† shows the lies that the children were fed in order to keep them obedient ND trusting. Blake more directly accuses the authorities in â€Å"Songs of Experience,† the second part of the poem. â€Å"And because I am happy and dance and sing, They think they have done me no injury, And are gone to praise God and His Priest and King, Who make up a Heaven of our misery. Despite the worker's mask of happiness and content, he is truly miserable, unbeknownst to his peers and family, who praise those who are slowly killing him. The government uses the trusted concept of God to force those under them to work and produce goods for them that will make them richer. This poem raised many questions about the effects and ethical state of child labor and lead to the eventual imposition of child labor laws. Another author, Thomas Hardy, exemplifies the effects of the formation of the working classes on the average person in his poem â€Å"The Ruined Maid. In the poem, a prostitute and her former acquaintance, a lowly farmer, discuss their ruined states, despite the former looking and acting more sophisticated and well-endowed compared to her previous appearance and attitude as a farmer. Mirror hands were like paws then, your face blue and bleak, But now I'm bewitched by your delicate week†¦ † The harlot's friend compares her new appearance to what she used to be, assuming she's become more successful, but she believes that she's been ruined, a belief that she repeatedly expresses throughout the poem.This showcases her distorted perception of reality, believing she has it worse than her hard-working friend, when, in fact, the two live in about the same conditions and are both â€Å"ruined. † In many ways, the em ergence of Romanticism was a reaction to the effects of the Industrial Revolution. The writings and artwork of many 19th century intellectuals ND artists were created as a revolt against the inhumane treatment of low class citizens and the unnatural transformation of the environment.They used escapism and imagery to provide a beautiful environment that was uncommon in the reality of the industrialized world and to expose the unjust effects that this new mechanized way of life had on not only the environment, but the people. These artists used the Romantic Spirit to instill a sense of hope within the oppressed and proved that the thoughts of individuals can inspire and fight against the majority, eventually coming out on top.

Concept of Management Audit Essay Example

Concept of Management Audit Essay Example Concept of Management Audit Essay Concept of Management Audit Essay The Concept of Management Audit The management audit is more recent concept. It focuses on results, evaluating the effectiveness and suitability of controls by challenging underlying rules, procedures and methods. Management audits, which are generally performed internally, are compliance audits plus cause-and-effect analysis. Management audit requires some additional work. It is a systematic technique of evaluating the operation and effectiveness of the management of a firm. This audit is conducted by an independent auditor or auditing firm, who are experts in auditing. This is done yearly or periodically. The audit team collects as many facts and information from office records and personal interviews with the personnel of the firm. The team also collects data through questionnaires distributed among the personnel and customers and/or clients of the firm. The team shall submit recommendations to the management for future actions. Management may use these recommendations for controlling the performance and accomplishments of the firm. According to Ferlyn L. Suvillaga â€Å"it is a systematic assessment of methods and policies of an organization’s management in the administration and the use of resources and other more. † From the response of Loria Lyn M. Fernandez â€Å"management audit is audit itself but instead of in accounts, it deals with the management. As explained by Rancy Mendoza â€Å"it is the process of determining the individual or group performance in an organization or business. † Based on the statement of Ivey Anne Muncada â€Å"it is a systematic assessment of company’s organizational policies and administration. † After reading a very reliable references, the researcher finally realized that management audit is very important, whether to organization, company or firm. It also requires some additional work because without work we cannot perform such manageme nt audit.